Masculinity” refers to the roles, behaviours and attributes seen as appropriate for boys and men in a given society. In short, masculinity refers to society’s expectations of males. (View Highlight)
a particular version of masculinity that is unhealthy for the men and boys who conform to it, and harmful for those around them. (View Highlight)
violence, dominance, emotional illiteracy, sexual entitlement, and hostility to femininity. (View Highlight)
Toxic masculinity” was virtually non-existent in academic writing – including feminist scholarship – up until 2015 (View Highlight)
Though the term is now associated with a feminist critique of the sexist norms of manhood, that’s not where it started. (View Highlight)
It steers us away from biologically essentialist or determinist perspectives that suggest the bad behaviour of men is inevitable: “boys will be boys”. (View Highlight)
The term might also draw attention to male disadvantage and neglect male privilege. Dominant gender norms may be “toxic” for men, but they also provide a range of unearned privileges (workplace expectations of leadership (View Highlight)